Algorithms every software developer must know

Basics in algorithms

What is Big O notation? (link Stackoverflow)

It is relative representation of the complexity of an algorithm

Sorting Algorithms

Sorting algorithms are often classified by

• Computational complexity 
• of elements in terms of the list size
• of swaps
•  Memory usage
• Recursion
• Stability
• Adaptability

Popular sorting algorithms

Simple sorts : Insertion sort, Selection sort
Efficient sort: Merge sort, Heap sort, Quick sort
Bubble sort

Resources

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33923/what-is-tail-recursion

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2651112/is-recursion-ever-faster-than-looping?lq=1
10 Must know software data structures and algorithms (quora)

Sorting algorithms (Wikipedia)

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/algorithm